TOPIC 17 : CLEFT SENTENCES, CONJUNCTIONS ANDINVERSIONS(Câu chẻ, liên từ và phép đảo ngữ)I. Combine each pairs of sentences, using “both … and”, “neither … nor” , “either … or”:1. He didn’t smile. He didn’t see anything. …………………………………………………………2. The hotel isn’t clean and it isn’t comfortable. ……………………………………………………3. We can go to Rome or we can go to Milan. ……………………………………………………...4. We didn’t eat. We didn’t drink. …………………………………………………………………..5. He didn’t sleep well. I didn’t sleep well. …………………………………………………………6. My uncle is a writer. He is also a teacher. ……………………………………………………….7. Clark practices law. He also teaches it. …………………………………………………………. 8. There wasn’t any food and there wasn’t anything to drink.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………9. She doesn’t have a big house. She doesn’t have a car, but she is happy.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………10. They have houses in the country. They also have houses in the city.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………11. It isn’t warm. It isn’t sunny at this time of year.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………12. That animal might be a fox. It might always be a young wolf

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III.  Combine each pair of sentences, using “so” or “because”.

1.   She wasn’t hungry. She had a big lunch.

2.  It was a public day. All the shops were shut.

3.  We didn’t enjoy our holiday. The weather was bad.

4.  She is working late next Saturday. She can’t come to tha party.

5.  I bought a computer. I want to play computer games.

6.  We don’t use the car very often. We’ve decided to sell it.

7.  The house was empty. We left the note on the door.

8.  Tony went to Paris. He wanted to see the Eiffel Tower.

PREPOSITONS

* Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.

1. Daisy couldn’t go to the cinema because she had to look   her little sister.

2. If we go _________ wasting water, there will be a shortage of fresh water in a few decades.

3. Please turn __________ the TV for me! I want to watch News.

4. What are you doing? – I’m looking __________ my pen.

5. Turn _________ the music. It’s too loud!

6. Don’t forget to turn ___________ the lights when you go to bed.

7. I used to smoke, but I gave __________ last year.

8. Could you fill __________ this form, please?

9. Don’t wory about the baby. I’ll look ___________ her while you’re out.

10. I’m looking __________ to meeting her very much.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

1. Hurry up, or we will be late for the bus.

" If we ……………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Study harder, or you won’t pass the final exam.

" If you ……………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Don’t talk in class, or you won’t understand what the teacher is explaining.

" If we ……………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Be careful, or you will break the flower vase.

" If ….……………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Give me the bicycle back, or I will call the police

" I will.……………………………………………………………………………………………

6. I’ll call the police if you don’t give back my bicycle. (Unless = If …. not)

→ Unless …………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Study harder or you will fail in the next exams.

→ If ………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Hurry up or we’ll be late for the concert.

→ If ………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. We won’t go out unless it stops raining.

→ If ………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. If Joe doesn’t change his way, he will end up in prison.

→ Unless ………………………………………………………………………………………

III.  Combine each pair of sentences, using “so” or “because”.

1.   She wasn’t hungry. She had a big lunch.

2.  It was a public day. All the shops were shut.

3.  We didn’t enjoy our holiday. The weather was bad.

4.  She is working late next Saturday. She can’t come to tha party.

5.  I bought a computer. I want to play computer games.

6.  We don’t use the car very often. We’ve decided to sell it.

7.  The house was empty. We left the note on the door.

8.  Tony went to Paris. He wanted to see the Eiffel Tower.

PREPOSITONS

* Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.

1. Daisy couldn’t go to the cinema because she had to look   her little sister.

2. If we go _________ wasting water, there will be a shortage of fresh water in a few decades.

3. Please turn __________ the TV for me! I want to watch News.

4. What are you doing? – I’m looking __________ my pen.

5. Turn _________ the music. It’s too loud!

6. Don’t forget to turn ___________ the lights when you go to bed.

7. I used to smoke, but I gave __________ last year.

8. Could you fill __________ this form, please?

9. Don’t wory about the baby. I’ll look ___________ her while you’re out.

10. I’m looking __________ to meeting her very much.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

1. Hurry up, or we will be late for the bus.

" If we ……………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Study harder, or you won’t pass the final exam.

" If you ……………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Don’t talk in class, or you won’t understand what the teacher is explaining.

" If we ……………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Be careful, or you will break the flower vase.

" If ….……………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Give me the bicycle back, or I will call the police

" I will.……………………………………………………………………………………………

6. I’ll call the police if you don’t give back my bicycle. (Unless = If …. not)

→ Unless …………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Study harder or you will fail in the next exams.

→ If ………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Hurry up or we’ll be late for the concert.

→ If ………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. We won’t go out unless it stops raining.

→ If ………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. If Joe doesn’t change his way, he will end up in prison.

→ Unless …………………………………………………………………………………………

V. Using the cue to complete the sentences.
1. She didn’t go out last night. I didn’t go out either. (neither)
……………………………………………………………………………………
2. She can play the guitar. She can play the piano, too. (both …. and) ……………………………………………………………………………………
3. He was tired. He didn’t want to go to bed. (but)
……………………………………………………………………………………
4. She was practicing speaking English. I came into her room. (when)
 ……………………………………………………………………………………
5. The boy climbed the tree. He picked some fruit. (and then)
……………………………………………………………………………………
6. It will be colder tomorrow. It will be warmer tomorrow. (either … or)
……………………………………………………………………………………

I. Combine the following pair of sentences, using ‘both… and’, ‘neither… nor’ or ‘either… or’.

1. Tom was late. So was Ann.

=>

2. He didn’t write. He didn’t telephone.

=>

3. The hotel wasn’t clean. And it wasn’t comfortable.

=>

4. It was a very boring film. It was very long, too.

=>

5. Is that man’s name Richard? Or is it Robert? It’s one of the two.

=>

6. I didn’t have time to go on holiday. And I didn’t get money.

=>

7. We can leave today or we can leave tomorrow.

=>

8. He gave up his job because he needed a change. Also because he needed a higher pay.

=>

9. George doesn’t smoke. And he doesn’t drink, either.

=>

10. The front of the house needs painting. The back needs painting, too.

=>

11. Mark is not in class today. David is not in class today.

=>

12. He wants to buy a Mercedes, or he wants to buy a Toyota.

=>

13. Laura enjoys listening to rock music and so does her brother. (both…and)

=>

14. She cleaned the house and she cooked the dinner. (not only…but also)

=>

II. Complete sentences with both…(and), neither…(nor), or either…(or).

1. I tried twice to phone Jim, but _______ times he was out.

2. Do you want tea or coffee? - _______. I really don’t mind.

3. I was invited to two parties last week, but I couldn’t go to _______of them.

4. Where is Liz? Is she at work or at home? _______. She is away on holiday.

5. To get to the town center, you can go along the footpath by the river or you can go along the road. You can go _______way.

6. I saw an accident this morning. One car drove into the back of another. Fortunately, _______driver was injured, but _______cars were badly damaged.

7. I can meet you next Monday or Friday. Would _______of those days be convenient for you?

8. Tim and I couldn’t get into the house because _______of us had a key.

9. When shall I phone, in the morning or afternoon? - _______. I’ll be in all day.

10. Sarah and I play tennis together regularly, but _______of us can play well.

11. Where did you go for your holiday, Scotland or Ireland? - _______. A week in Scotland and a week in Ireland.

12. I tried two bookshops for the book I wanted but _______of them had it.

13. I am not sure where Mary is from. She’s _______Spanish _______Italian.

14. _______the boat with the white sails and the one with the blue sails are in the harbour today.

15. Tom said he would contact me, but he _______wrote _______phoned.

III. Each sentence below contains an error. Underline and correct it.

1. Both the driver and the passengers was injured in the accident. .......................................

2. They neither have a fridge nor a stove in their new apartment. .......................................

3. Either Mrs. White or her secretary are meeting you at the airport. .......................................

4. Not only Mai draws well but she also plays the violin very well. .......................................

5. Neither her husband nor her children can’t speak EL fluently. .......................................

6. Not only Daisy’s parents but also her husband think she should return toschool and finish her graduate degree. .......................................

7. We are going to give Julia neither a book or a pen for he birthday. .......................................

8. I haven’t seen Jack for years. Neither I have. It is interesting to see how he’s changed. .......................................

VI. Choose the best answer.

1. I don’t think Bon can get a job. He is __________ hard-working __________ honest.

A. both – and

B. not only – but also

C. neither – nor

D. either – or

2. __________ my brother or my sister has taken the book.

A. Both

B. Either

C. Neither

D. Not only

3. __________ the students __________ the teacher are in the playground.

A. Both – and

B. Not only – but also

C. neither – nor

D. Either – or

4. Neither my friend nor I __________ that movie.

A. didn’t see

B. has seen

C. have seen

D. hadn’t seen

5. __________ were asked to do the gardening.

A. Both Mary and Peter

B. Either Mary or Peter

C. Neither Mary nor Peter

D. All of Mary and Peter

6. Her new boyfriend was _________ polite ________ friendly. I didn’t feel comfortable talking to him.

A. either/or

B. neither/nor

C. both/and

D. either/nor

7. I can’t remember if __________ Georgia __________ Julia wanted a doll for Christmas.

A. neither/nor

B. either/or

C. both/and

D. not only/but also

8. __________ Mary __________ Peter likes working in this office. They are looking for new jobs.

A. Both/and

B. Either/or

C. Neither/nor

D. Not only/but also

9. I don’t want to talk to __________ her __________ her sister.

A. either/or

B. not only/but also

C. neither/nor

D. both/and

10. When we were in Paris on holiday, we stayed __________ at a hotel __________ at a guest-house because our relatives put us up there.

A. not only/but also

B. both/and

C. neither/nor

D. either/or

11. He lost __________ his best friendship __________ honour because of his stupid action.

A. either/or

B. both/and

C. neither/nor

D. not only/also

12. We’ve been doing business with __________ IBM __________ Microsoft. They are our best partners.

A. both/and

B. either/or

C. not only/but

D. neither/nor

13. __________ the director __________ his secretary are away on business. You have to wait until they return on Friday.

A. Either/or

B. Both/and

C. Neither/nor

D. Not only/but also

14. __________ you __________ your friends can stay here now. Go home immediately.

A. Not only/but also

B. Either/or

C. Neither/nor

D. Both/and

15. He is so stubborn that __________ his mother __________ his mother can talk to him.

A. either/or

B. neither/nor

C. both/and

D. all/or

16. The film was __________ boring __________ long.

A. either/or

B. neither/and

C. both/and

D. either/nor

17. She neither talked nor __________ her feelings.

A. show

B. showed

C. showing

D. shown

18. You must either go at once or __________ till tomorrow.

A. waiting

B. wait

C. must wait

D. to wait

19. They told me he was a wonderful guy. When I met him; however, I was disappointed to find that he is__________ handsome __________ polite.

A. neither/nor

B. either/or

C. both/and

D. not only/but also

20. Don’t be so unreasonable! I can’t __________ cook __________ iron your clothes.

A. neither/nor

B. either/or

C. both/and

D. not only/but also

21. Either I or they __________ enjoying the party now.

A. are

B. is

C. was

D. were

22. Neither I nor she __________ seen the film before.

A. has

B. have

C. was

D. were

Join the following pairs of sentences using because and because of:
1. He didn’t go to school. It was raining . 
-> He didn’t go to school because it was raining.
-> He didn’t go to school because of the rain.
2. The student arrived late. There was a traffic jam.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. We decided to leave early. The party was boring.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. It was a public holiday. All the shops were shut.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. I lost my job. I was ill.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

EX. Combine the sentences using the suitable conjunctions

1. I like singing. I also like dancing. (both...and)

2. Did Graham Bell invented the telephone? (was it...that...)

3. The show is enjoyable. It is also educational. (both...and)

4. This store sells hand-crafted ornaments. It also sells jewels. (not only..but also)

5. A good map tells you where things are. It shows you how to get from one place to another. (not only..but also)

6. You can have some iced tea. If you don't want you can have some milk. (either...or)

7. He doesn't play the guitar well and he doesn't sing well. (neither...nor)

8. Lan went camping last Sunday and so did Hoa. (both...and)

9. My grand father buit this house in 1990. (it...that)

10. John and Peter got up late this morning. (neither...nor)

11. John has that book, or Mary has that book. (either...or)

12. Susan wasn't at the party last night, and Mary wasn't either. (neither...nor)

<3>. Combine these sentences using: and, both … and, but, or, so, because, either … or…

1. We know him. We know his friends.

2. The coat was soft. The coat was warm.

3. It is stupid to do that. It is quite unnecessary.

4. I wanted to go. He wanted to stay.

5. You can go there by bus. You can go there by train.

6. I was feeling tired. I went to bed when I got home.

7. You can look at the clothes in the shop windows. You can't go in and buy them.

8. I was tired. I went home early.

9. It is raining heavily outside. We'd better postpone our picnic.

10. The exercises are quite difficult. I'm doing quite well.

1. Math is difficult for me. I got a Math tutor.

2. Na is exhausted. She had three tests at school.

3. Peter is worried. He is late for an important conference.

4. John can't go to work. He has a flu.

15. I didn't study hard enough. I failed the Math exam.